How Much Does A Electricians In Dubai Earn? (Solved)

work.chron.com

  • A person working as an Electrical Engineer in Dubai typically earns around 21,000 AED per month. Salaries range from 9,850 AED (lowest) to 33,100 AED (highest). This is the average monthly salary including housing, transport, and other benefits.

What is the minimum salary of electrician in Dubai?

Frequently asked questions about an Electrician salaries What is the lowest salary for an Electrician in Dubai, United Arab Emirates Area? The lowest salary for an Electrician in Dubai, United Arab Emirates Area is AED 1,460 per month.

What is the highest paying electrician job?

Here are the highest-paying electrical jobs:

  1. Avionics technician. National average salary: $35,935 per year.
  2. Commercial electrician. National average salary: $39,935 per year.
  3. Marine technician.
  4. Wind turbine technician.
  5. Electrical technician.
  6. Maintenance electrician.
  7. Lineman.
  8. Electrical foreman.

Which country has the highest paid electricians?

The survey revealed that Japan had the highest salaries for electricians out of all five countries, while the USA had the highest salaries for plumbers and Australia the highest salaries for carpenters.

Which job has the highest salary in Dubai?

What are the top 30 highest-paid job openings in Dubai?

  • Chief executive officers (CEO) Average monthly salary: Dh100,000.
  • Marketing Experts. Average monthly salary: Dh95,000.
  • Public relations managing director.
  • Lawyers.
  • Supply chain manager.
  • Accounting and finance professionals.
  • Doctors.
  • Senior bankers.

What is electrician course in ITI?

ITI Electrician is a 2-year course, approved by the NCVT (National Council Vocational Training). ITI electrician course is a tradesman specializing in electrical wiring of buildings, transmission lines, stationary machines, and related equipment.

How much does a driver earn in Dubai?

The average salary for drivers in Dubai is around 3500 AED but taxi drivers may even earn up to 4500-5000 AED. Dubai driver jobs may demand working hours varying anywhere between 8 to 12 hours.

Are electricians rich?

Some electricians make $100,000.00+ / yr. Others make $35,000.00 / yr. or less. The DOL says the median wage is $52,720, which seems just about right for an average “Journeyman” electrician. Benefits are a big factor when considering compensation, and can run the gamut from great to none.

Is electrician a good career?

Benefits of Being an Electrician There a several reasons becoming an electrician could be a good career choice. Job Growth: The Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts 14 percent job growth for electricians through 2024. This is twice the national average of 7 percent.

Is being an electrician hard?

Electrical work is hard and can be dangerous if you don’t know what you’re doing. This is why it’s so important to have extensive training and experience working under a licensed contractor before you can be licensed to work on your own. Here are the 5 steps you need to take to become an electrician.

Why are electricians paid the most?

Electricians are earning as much as £3,000 a week as they cash in on a chronic shortage of skilled workers across the country. The pay bonanza, revealed by recruitment firm Manpower, comes amid increasing demand for new homes across the country at a time when skilled workers are in short supply.

Can I work internationally as an Electrician?

The responsibilities of an overseas electrician involve installing electrical equipment, wiring, and other electric infrastructure in an international location. As an electrician who works abroad, you typically perform your duties on a contract basis.

Where are electricians most needed?

The Top Five States with Highest Demand for Electricians

  • Alaska. One of the coldest and most remote states in the USA, this state is willing to pay top dollar for anyone who can keep the lights on and the heater running.
  • Montana.
  • Oregon.
  • North Dakota.
  • Wyoming.

Electrician Salary in United Arab Emirates

Advice on traveling during the Coronavirus pandemic: the most up-to-date information on what you should know before you go; Is it possible for me to visit the United States during the summer months? Everything you need to know about a travel corridor between the United States with the United Kingdom. The best way to locate low-cost last-minute flights: take a stress-free vacation to a place on the Green List.

What is the Pay by Experience Level forElectricians?

Coronavirus travel advice: the most up-to-date information you’ll need if you’re planning a trip during the epidemic; Is it possible for me to visit the United States this summer? Everything you need to know about the United States-United Kingdom travel corridor; How to locate affordable last-minute flights: have a stress-free vacation to a place on the green list;

What DoElectriciansDo?

Electricians work for a wide range of firms and conduct a wide range of jobs that normally need strong attention to detail and sound judgment. They must also hold a journeyman electrician’s license in order to practice their profession. Apprenticeship work for these licenses is normally four years in length. There will be some classroom training as well as a significant amount of practical fieldwork throughout that period. Certain states and businesses may require an electrician to hold a master electrician’s license, which requires several additional years of experience as a journeyman.Electricians.

Salaris: Electrician in Dubai, UAE

Salarissen voor een Electrician bij YES – 2 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 2.750 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij The Emirates Group – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 2.500 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij ADNOC Group – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 2.500 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij EMPLOYERS – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 1.500 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Dubai ElectricityWater Authority (DEWA) – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 6.000 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Siemens – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 4.200 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij DP World – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 2.500 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Emrill Services – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 1.500 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Ejadah Asset Management – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 1.100 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Lootah Group of Companies – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 42.000 / jr
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Descon Engineering – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 2.000 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Khidmah – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 1.600 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Doubletree By Hilton – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 1.800 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij (no)name – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 3.000 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Meydan Sobha – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 1.500 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Electricians – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten ₹ 85.000 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Electricians – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 1.300 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Oil and Natural Gas – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 3.500 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Emirates Trading Agency, M E division – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 2.500 / mnd
Salarissen voor een Electrician bij Intercontinental HotelsResorts – 1 salarissen gemeld regio Dubai, Verenigde Arabische Emiraten AED 1.400 / mnd

Salary Expert – Electrician Salary Dubai, United Arab Emirates

The average gross income for an electrician in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, is 187,077 dirhams, or an equal hourly rate of 90 dirhams. In comparison to the average electrician income in the United Arab Emirates, this is 2 percent more (+2,861 dh) than the national average. Additionally, they receive an average bonus of 6,660. every month. Pay estimates based on data from a salary survey conducted directly with companies and anonymous workers in Dubai, United Arab Emirates Electricians with 1-3 years of experience make an average pay of 136,177 rupees per month.

  1. In order to promote SalaryExpert’s Assessor Series, this page is not designed for use by individuals in the field of human resources.
  2. The compensation data provided by ERI is based on salary surveys that have been performed and researched by ERI.
  3. Ensures the proper installation, connection, testing, and maintenance of electrical systems used for a range of applications including temperature control, security, and communications.
  4. Wiring is fastened in place with screws or bolts.

Electrician Salary in United Arab Emirates

Approximately AED 23,583Avg. BaseSalary (AED) The average wage for an Electrician is AED 23,583EXPLORE BY: CLICKING ON THE LINK BELOW

What is the Pay by Experience Level forElectricians?

Based on 5 salaries submitted anonymously to Glassdoor by Electricians with less than one year of experience, an entry-level Electrician can expect to make an average total compensation (which includes tips, bonus, and overtime pay) of AED 12,000. Depending on 28 salaries, an early career Electrician with 1-4 years of experience may expect to earn an average total remuneration of AED 16,000 per year. A professional in the middle of his or her career. More information may be found here.

What DoElectriciansDo?

Electricians work for a wide range of firms and conduct a wide range of jobs that normally need strong attention to detail and sound judgment. They must also hold a journeyman electrician’s license in order to practice their profession. Apprenticeship work for these licenses is normally four years in length. There will be some classroom training as well as a significant amount of practical fieldwork throughout that period. Certain states and businesses may require an electrician to hold a master electrician’s license, which requires several additional years of experience as a journeyman electrician.

Monthly Salary of Electricians In Dubai — Nyscinfo.com

Without a doubt, Dubai is regarded as one of the most prominent international commercial centers in the world. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), over 88.52 percent of the population is made up of immigrants who migrated to Dubai in search of creative employment prospects. Electrical engineers are in high demand in this area, both among non-natives and natives. Let’s find out why this is happening. Electricians in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) play a critical part in the country’s economic development.

  1. However, in fact, it is difficult to deal with the installation, repair, and maintenance of electrical components if you do not have the necessary knowledge and skills.
  2. There are a variety of factors to consider, including the professional’s area of specialization, total experience, educational background or degrees, and gender.
  3. Because the vast majority of people choose to engage electricians from reputable organizations in order to receive dependable service.
  4. That will also benefit you in the future if you are eligible for an increase or bonus.
  5. Likewise, your passion and ability in this field will allow you to advance to a high level of success.

Interested in learning more about the yearly or monthly compensation of an electrical engineer in Dubai? In this section, we provide some basic pay information for electricians working in the United Arab Emirates. Check out this list of the greatest locations to visit in Dubai for visitors.

What could be the monthly salary of the Electricians in the UAE?

If you are capable of dealing with crucial electrical work, your monthly salary will be 8,810 AED (Arab Emirates dirham). In other cases, however, it may change from one place to another, based on a variety of elements and circumstances. What is your opinion on the lowest wage range for electricians in Dubai? Do you have any clue what the lowest salary range will be? Here, electrical specialists with less than 2 years of expertise are compensated with AED 4,490 per month. And the most reputable firms provide a salary of 13,600 AED per month, which is the highest monthly compensation for an electrician.

The amount that an electrician Dubai is paid is also determined by his location and the demand for his services in that region.

The average salary for electrical engineers in Dubai is 10,900 AED, with nearly 75% earning this amount.

Does Experience Matter in this Professional Sector?

Unquestionably, the age and experience of an electrician may have an impact on the amount of money he is paid. Everyone believes that an individual’s level of expertise is the most important component in boosting their monthly wage. This is true in any industry. For every ten years of experience in this industry, you will be paid more than the individual who has been in this employment for two years at the time of your hiring. Need a no-interest loan from the federal government? Click here.

Estimated Salary Range based on the Work Experience

Electricians in the United Arab Emirates with less than two years of work experience earn a monthly salary of 5,040 AED. A worker who has been in this field for between 2 and 5 years may expect to earn around 6,580 AED. Do you have at least 5-10 years of expertise in the installation, repair, and maintenance of electrical equipment? As a result of your appointment, you will be entitled to a monthly salary of 9,210 AED. In Dubai, this remuneration is received by over 40% of all electricians on a monthly basis.

The highest-ranking electrical contractors pay them a monthly salary of 11,000 AED.

In addition, individuals who have 20 years of professional experience might get 13,000 AED in the United Arab Emirates.

Does the Education Level affect the Monthly Salary Range of UAE’s Electricians?

Yes! You and an employee may have the same amount of experience, but if the employee has a higher educational degree, he will be compensated more generously. If you have finished your primary school, the firms will provide you 5,760 AED in compensation. In contrast, electricians who possess a degree or diploma have the potential to earn AED8,490 per month. In addition, about 53% of electrical engineers have completed bachelor’s degree programs in their field.

In Dubai, electrical businesses are willing to pay them a sum of 13,000 AED. So, in a nutshell, it can be said that obtaining a higher education is another important component that may significantly boost an electrician’s earning potential.

Is Gender Playing any Role in Determining Electrical Engineer’s Income?

Many people are under the impression that women earn more money than males. However, in actuality, there is still a significant economic disparity between these two genders, regardless of their amount of experience or education. Even well-known organizations hire women for low-level roles, and others still believe that women are incapable of doing physically demanding tasks such as appliance maintenance. This is also true in a developed nation like Dubai, where the situation is similar. In this city, male electricians earn an 8 percent higher wage than their female counterparts.

What’s the Annual Salary Increment Percentage of the Electricians in Dubai?

There are a variety of reasons why many people are reluctant to apply for the position of electrical engineer. Some people believe that their yearly wage will not improve if they stay in this career for a long time. Experienced electrical engineers, on the other hand, are eligible for a pay increase of up to 8% after 19 months in Dubai. Salary increases, on the other hand, may differ from one employer to another and may be influenced by a variety of circumstances. Those electricians who have purposefully worked for the benefit of the organization throughout the year are frequently granted a wage increase by the company.

According to the results of a poll, 72 percent of employees did not get any bonuses or incentives in the previous calendar year.

However, if you are personally involved in the generation of income, your chances of receiving incentives are significantly higher.

In Dubai, the average hourly compensation for an electrician is 51 AED, although this price may vary depending on the expert’s qualifications and experience.

How much do Electricians earn? Average Electrician Salary 2020

We can calculate the national average electrician pay using data from the Government Office for National Statistics (ONS). The average electrician income in the United Kingdom is £33,042. This statistic was calculated in compliance with the regional percentage disparities in electrician pay, which are all mentioned in the following table. The location of your electrical business in the United Kingdom has an impact on how much you may make as an electrician. In order to use our ‘Top Tradespeople Salaries 2020’ infographic on your website, just copy and paste the embed code provided below onto your website:

The National Average Electrician Salary for 2020

As numerous trades have demonstrated in these 2020 average earnings projections, the earning potential for people working in skilled trade industries is excellent. Electricians have proved to be one skilled job that consistently performs as one of the highest paid crafts, regardless of whether they are hired by a corporation or working for themselves. When it comes to electricians, salaries may vary widely, with those who are new to the business and have less experience beginning at the lower end of the scale, compared to those who have years of experience as well as certifications who can command a high wage.

However, as time passes and you get more work experience in a variety of positions, you may expect to see your compensation increase.

With an average electrician salary of £29,789 in the East Midlands, the East Midlands has the lowest regional wage.

This indicates that the average has not been skewed by a small number of high earners, but rather represents a reasonable average for the majority of workers.

When you are your own boss, your income potential is virtually limitless, and we have included some examples of this in the table below. In order to use our ‘Electrician Salary 2020’ infographic on your website, just copy and paste the embed code provided below onto your website:

How much do Electricians earn across the UK?

The amount of money that electricians are paid by electrical contractors varies from area to region. Listed below is a list of all of the regions in the United Kingdom, as well as their average electrician income in comparison to the national mean. £37,529 in the capital. Scotland receives £35,099 in funding. East – £34,849 pounds The West Midlands received £33,978. £33,248 in the South East The national average salary is £33,042 pounds. £32,784 in the North West 319,511 pounds sterling in Yorkshire and the Humber £31,559 in the North East £31,162 in the South West Wales received £31,091 in funding.

However, we are beginning to witness a shift, with the East and West Midlands both outperforming the national average and resulting in an increase in the average pay.

How much do Self Employed Electricians earn?

Electricians who work for themselves can charge whatever they wish, which is often estimated based on the cost of goods, the amount of time required, and travel expenses incurred. According to the type of task, location of the job, and the premises where the job is being carried out, most self-employed electricians will charge rates ranging from £20 to £50 per hour. When you work as an electrician for yourself, the amount of money you make is totally dependent on how much labor you put in. This is dependent on your ability to effectively sell your company.

Making the transition to being a self-employed electrician is made most simple by enrolling in professional electrical training courses, earning the necessary certificates, and gaining the necessary experience to launch your own electrical business.

Take a look at our helpful guide!

How much do electricians make in Dubai? – Greedhead.net

Typical Salaries for an Electrician in Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Job Title Location Salary
Electricians Electrician salaries – 1 salaries reported Dubai, United Arab Emirates Area ₹85,000/mo
Electricians Electrician salaries – 1 salaries reported Dubai, United Arab Emirates Area AED 1,300/mo

What is the salary of ITI electrician?

Salaries for ITI Electricians

Job Title Salary
Suzuki Motor ITI Electrician salaries – 2 salaries reported ₹19,238/mo
Electricians ITI Electrician salaries – 2 salaries reported ₹20,247/mo
Electricians ITI Electrician salaries – 2 salaries reported ₹9,968/mo
Gannett ITI Electrician salaries – 2 salaries reported ₹3,17,338/yr

How much do overseas electricians make?

Overseas Electrician salaries currently range between $38,500 (25th percentile) and $72,000 (75th percentile), with top earners (90th percentile) earning $111,000 annually across the United States. While annual salaries as high as $144,500 and as low as $23,500 have been reported on ZipRecruiter, the majority of Overseas Electrician salaries currently range between $38,500 (25th percentile) and $72,000 (75th percentile).

What is the minimum salary of electrician in Dubai?

The monthly wage for an Electrician in Dubai, United Arab Emirates is AED 1,500, which is the lowest in the country.

Who makes more money a plumber or electrician?

When it comes to earning potential, electricians are at the top of the list.

An electrician in the United States makes an annual salary of $51,880 on average. An average yearly pay of $51,620 for a plumber is just slightly less than that of a mechanic.

How much does an electrician earn in Qatar?

Salaries for Electricians in the Doha, Qatar Area

Job Title Location Salary
Shaqab Electrician salaries – 1 salaries reported Doha, Qatar Area QAR 2,500/mo
Electricians Electrician salaries – 1 salaries reported Doha, Qatar Area QAR 1,500/mo
Al Waha TMC Maintenance Electrician salaries – 1 salaries reported Doha, Qatar Area QAR 1,300/mo

Where are the highest paid electricians?

Cities with the highest pay for electricians

  • Orlando, Florida pays $45,917 per year
  • Tampa, Florida pays $47,462 per year
  • Atlanta, Georgia pays $48,847 per year
  • Norfolk, Virginia pays $51,530 per year
  • Phoenix, Arizona pays $53,336 per year
  • Virginia Beach, Virginia pays $54,485 per year
  • And San Diego, California pays $61,694 per year.

Which country pays highest salary for electrician?

According to the results of the survey, Japan had the highest pay for electricians out of all five nations studied, while the United States had the highest incomes for plumbers and Australia had the highest salaries for cabinetmakers.

Can I work internationally as an electrician?

Electricians who work in foreign countries are responsible for the installation of electrical equipment, wiring, and other electric infrastructure in foreign countries. The majority of the time, as an electrician who works overseas, you will be doing your tasks under a contract.

What is the Wireman’s licence exam prep?

The Certificate in Electrical Installation (Wireman’s Licence Test Prep) is designed to give students with the technical and practical knowledge necessary to sit for the wireman’s exam administered by the Electrical Inspectorate Division of the Ontario Ministry of Labour.

How do I apply for a Residential Wireman license?

For the initial license application, you must submit it over the mail. Completed Residential Wireman License Application Form (PDF) and non-refundable $20 application fee should be submitted to: Residential Wireman licenses are good for one year from the date of issue and must be renewed on an annual basis.

What is a Residential Wireman?

Licensed Residential Wiremen are only permitted to work on electrical installations in single-family and multifamily residences with a maximum height of four storeys or less. Who Is Required to Have a License? Anyone who conducts electrical work in the state of Texas, with the exception of those who qualify for specific exemptions, is required to be licensed. Electrical work can be characterized as follows:

What qualifications do I need to become an electrician?

Although any student with an electrical background is welcome to enroll in this course and take the test, students must be currently enrolled in or have finished one of the following programs in order to be eligible to take the exam: Electrical and electronic engineering is a degree program. This training solely teaches the technical and practical knowledge and skills that are necessary.

Electrician Salary in India – Average Salary

AnnualMonthBiweeklyWeeklyDayHour Salary rateAnnualMonthBiweeklyWeeklyDayHour Is it possible to make a living as an electrician in India? The average wage for an electrician in India is 254,000 per year, or 130 per hour. Entry-level occupations start at 180,000 per year, while the most experienced professionals may earn up to 962,500 per year in the most competitive industries.

Active jobs with salaries

Salaries are paid on a monthly basis (annually, biweekly, weekly, daily, hourly, and so forth). The average salary of an electrician in India is Rs. 50,000. Approximately 254,000 per year or 130 per hour, the average income for an electrician in India is 254,000. Employees in entry-level positions earn up to 180,000 a year, while those with the most experience can earn up to 962,500 annually.

Electrician

India Mind Focus Aviation is an acronym that stands for India Mind Focus Aviation. Rs 3.0-9.0 lakhs per year

Electrician

Advika Solutions is located in Valsad, Gujarat.

A minimum of the following qualifications is required: The salary of an ITI-Electrician might reach 2.40 LPA. Interested individuals should email their resumes to Thank you for your consideration. HR Services of the highest caliber.

Electrician

Daman and Diu Advika Solutions is a company that provides advice and solutions to people in Daman and Diu. The following qualifications are required: – ITI-Electrician Salary: up to 2.40 LPA in some cases. Interested individuals should email their resumes to Thank you for your consideration. HR Services of the highest caliber.

Electrician

Vapi,Gujarat Advika Solutions is a solution provider. A minimum of the following qualifications is required: The salary of an ITI-Electrician ranges from 1.0 to 3.0 LPA. Interested individuals should email their resumes to Thank you for your consideration. HR Services of the highest caliber.

ITI Electrician

VASU VENKATARAMANIA is a Tamil word that means “Venkataramani” (Venkataramani). Summary of Responsibilities Job Description: Full-time, paid position with a salary between 15000 and 20,000 rupees Type of Salary or Wage Monthly The deadline to apply for this position is December 31, 2019.

Electrician

Rajkot,Gujarat In the same field, type MyCityRajkot. Job hours are from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. Salary ranges from Rs8000 to Rs15000 each month. 2,50,000 – more than 3,000,000 rupees per annum

ITI Electrician

Anyone with a basic understanding of electrical theory and practice is welcome to participate. Incentives are included in the salary of Rs 11,500/-. Extra-important abilitiesITI ElectricianWireman

Electrician

Also welcome are those with only little electrical skills. Incentives and incentives are included in the salary of Rs 11,500/-. ITI ElectricianWireman are some of the other key skills.

Electrician

New Delhi and Delhi are the two most populous cities in India. Unimax is looking to hire for M/s TCI/FireX. maintaining the confidentiality of security information Salary ranges from Rs. 12000/- to Rs. 22000/- each month. (Total Compensation) If you are interested, please submit your CV to

Iti Fitter Electrician

Unimax Placement Consultant based in Faridabad, Haryana. Salary Rs 12000 to Rs 15000 per month following the electrical wiring and maintenance aspect Location of the company Nearest metro station sector.

Electrician

Q3 TecnoService is based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. INR 15,000 per month as a rent.

Electrician

Vapi,Gujarat Advika Solutions is a solution provider. A minimum of the following qualifications is required: The salary of an ITI-Electrician ranges from 1.0 to 3.0 LPA. Interested individuals should email their resumes to Thank you for your consideration. HR Services of the highest caliber.

Electricians earn more than architects, survey finds

Adika Solutions, Vapi, Gujarat Adika Solutions Qualifications required: The salary of an ITI-Electrician might range from 1.0 to 3.0 LPA. Thanks for your interest. Please send your resume to [email protected]. Services in Human Resources that are of high quality

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *